MONIAC (Phillips hydraulic computer)
Realizes: Keynesian macroeconomic equilibrium (ODE system)
Built by Bill Phillips (1949). Water flows through tanks and pipes representing economic sectors — income, consumption, taxation, investment. Flow rates encode economic quantities. The system settles into equilibrium representing GDP balance. 14 machines were built. Speed: minutes to hours (hydraulic equilibration). Capacity: ~10-20 economic variables (limited by physical plumbing).
Examples
🔗
Phillips Machine Wikipedia
INTEGRATE
ADD
MULTIPLY-by-constant
hours
small
J
MONIAC hydraulic computer demonstration
INTEGRATE
ADD
MULTIPLY-by-constant
hours
small
J
roons - MONIAC overview
INTEGRATE
ADD
MULTIPLY-by-constant
hours
small
J